Sudden Cardiac Arrest and Heart Attack : SCA, also known as sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and heart attacks are two distinct medical emergencies that impact the heart, however they are distinct in their causes and consequences. Here’s a detailed description of each:
What is an attack on the heart?
A person can suffer an attack on the heart when the blocked artery blocks oxygen-rich blood from reaching the various regions within the heart. If the artery that is blocked is unable to recover, then the portion of the heart which is normally nourished by the artery is likely to end up dying. The longer someone remains without treatment more harm is…
Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA):
Sudden cardiac arrest is when the heart stops in a sudden manner. It is usually caused by an electrical malfunction within the heart that alters its regular rhythm, causing it to twitch or “fibrillate” instead of pumping blood efficiently. This irregular heartbeat, referred to as ventricular fibrillation results in an abrupt loss of circulation to brain as well as the other important organs.
Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest:
1. Coronary artery diseases: The majority of instances of Sudden Cardiac Arrest are caused by coronary artery disease as the underlying cause which is caused when the blood vessels of the heart are blocked or narrowed because of plaque accumulation.
2. Heart attack: Heart attacks can cause SCA because the injury caused to heart muscles could alter the electrical system of the heart.
3. The heart rhythm disorder: certain heart rhythm issues, like ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia may cause SCA.
4. Anomalies of the structure: Certain structural defects within the heart like congenital heart defects or an enlarged heart chambers, could increase the chance of developing SCA.
5. Trauma, addiction to drugs electrocution, or trauma: Certain external causes could cause SCA.
Symptoms of Sudden Cardiac Arrest:
Contrary to heart attacks, sudden cardiac arrests usually occur without warning. A person can collapse quickly then lose consciousness and be unable to breathe or have trouble breathing.
Treatment of Sudden Cardiac Arrest:
It is imperative to treat the patient immediately to survive. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) must be started immediately to help maintain the flow of blood to the body and brain, as well as other organs. In addition to CPR and an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is recommended whenever possible to give an electric shock into the heart to bring it back to normal. The most advanced medical treatment including implants or medications are often required to ensure long-term control and avoidance of recurring events.
Heart Attack:
Heart attacks, referred to as a myocardial infarction happens when there’s an obstruction of the coronary arteries that cut off blood flow to a section in the cardiac muscle. In the absence of prompt medical attention the heart muscle affected could be damaged or killed.
Causes of Heart Attacks:
Heart attacks are typically result from the formation from a blood clot within some coronary arteries. The clot typically forms in the vicinity of a narrowed or ruptured plaque which is a fat plaque that forms on the wall of the artery. The accumulation of plaque is a condition called atherosclerosis, decreases the flow of blood to heart muscle. A total blockage could trigger an attack on the heart.
Symptoms of a Heart Attack:
The signs and symptoms that a person suffers from a heart attack differ, but the most typical signs and symptoms are:
1. Pain or discomfort in the chest: It can be felt as squeeze, pressure, tightness or a throbbing pain in the chest. It could radiate to the arm back, jaw or stomach.
2. Breathing shortness: difficulty breathing and feeling somewhat breathless frequently accompanied by chest discomfort.
3. Lightheadedness, nausea, and cold sweats: Certain people might suffer from these symptoms in conjunction with chest pain.
Treatment of Heart Attacks:
If you suspect that you are suffering from a heart attack, it’s essential to seek medical attention right away. Treatment early on aims to bring blood flow back to the affected region of the heart, and reduce the amount of damage. Treatments can include medicines to break up the blood clot as well as urgent procedures like the angioplasty procedure and stenting in order to open the artery that is blocked. Following the acute phase lifestyle modifications, medication, and rehabilitation for the heart are generally advised to decrease the chance of developing heart issues in the future.
It is important to remember that heart attacks are not a cause for concern.
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